ROBOOP, A Robotics Object Oriented Package in C++: Robot Class Reference

Definition at line 340 of file robot.h.


Public Member Functions
	Robot (const int ndof=1)
	Constructor.
	Robot (const Matrix &initrobot)
	Constructor.
	Robot (const Matrix &initrobot, const Matrix &initmotor)
	Constructor.
	Robot (const Robot &x)
	Copy constructor.
	Robot (const std::string &filename, const std::string &robotName)
virtual	~Robot ()
	Destructor.
virtual void	robotType_inv_kin ()
	Identify inverse kinematics familly.
virtual void	kine_pd (Matrix &Rot, ColumnVector &pos, ColumnVector &pos_dot, const int ref) const
	Direct kinematics with velocity.
ReturnMatrix	inv_kin (const Matrix &Tobj, const int mj=0)
	Overload inv_kin function.
virtual ReturnMatrix	inv_kin (const Matrix &Tobj, const int mj, const int endlink, bool &converge)
	Inverse kinematics solutions.
virtual ReturnMatrix	inv_kin_rhino (const Matrix &Tobj, bool &converge)
	Analytic Rhino inverse kinematics.
virtual ReturnMatrix	inv_kin_puma (const Matrix &Tobj, bool &converge)
	Analytic Puma inverse kinematics.
virtual ReturnMatrix	inv_kin_schilling (const Matrix &Tobj, bool &converge)
	Analytic Schilling inverse kinematics.
virtual ReturnMatrix	jacobian (const int ref=0) const
	Jacobian of mobile links expressed at frame ref.
virtual ReturnMatrix	jacobian (const int endlink, const int ref) const
	Jacobian of mobile links up to endlink expressed at frame ref.
virtual ReturnMatrix	jacobian_dot (const int ref=0) const
	Jacobian derivative of mobile joints expressed at frame ref.
virtual void	dTdqi (Matrix &dRot, ColumnVector &dp, const int i)
	Partial derivative of the robot position (homogeneous transf.).
virtual ReturnMatrix	dTdqi (const int i)
	Partial derivative of the robot position (homogeneous transf.).
virtual ReturnMatrix	torque (const ColumnVector &q, const ColumnVector &qp, const ColumnVector &qpp)
	Joint torque, without contact force, based on Recursive Newton-Euler formulation.
virtual ReturnMatrix	torque (const ColumnVector &q, const ColumnVector &qp, const ColumnVector &qpp, const ColumnVector &Fext_, const ColumnVector &Next_)
	Joint torque based on Recursive Newton-Euler formulation.
virtual ReturnMatrix	torque_novelocity (const ColumnVector &qpp)
	Joint torque. when joint velocity is 0, based on Recursive Newton-Euler formulation.
virtual void	delta_torque (const ColumnVector &q, const ColumnVector &qp, const ColumnVector &qpp, const ColumnVector &dq, const ColumnVector &dqp, const ColumnVector &dqpp, ColumnVector &ltorque, ColumnVector &dtorque)
	Delta torque dynamics.
virtual void	dq_torque (const ColumnVector &q, const ColumnVector &qp, const ColumnVector &qpp, const ColumnVector &dq, ColumnVector &torque, ColumnVector &dtorque)
	Delta torque due to delta joint position.
virtual void	dqp_torque (const ColumnVector &q, const ColumnVector &qp, const ColumnVector &dqp, ColumnVector &torque, ColumnVector &dtorque)
	Delta torque due to delta joint velocity.
virtual ReturnMatrix	G ()
	Joint torque due to gravity based on Recursive Newton-Euler formulation.
virtual ReturnMatrix	C (const ColumnVector &qp)
	Joint torque due to centrifugal and Corriolis based on Recursive Newton-Euler formulation.

Member Function Documentation

void Robot::robotType_inv_kin ( ) [virtual]

Identify inverse kinematics familly.

Identify the inverse kinematics analytic solution based on the similarity of the robot DH parameters and the DH parameters of know robots (ex: Puma, Rhino, ...). The inverse kinematics will be based on a numerical alogorithm if there is no match .

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 1284 of file robot.cpp.

References Robot_basic::DEFAULT, Robot_basic::PUMA, Puma_DH(), Robot_basic::RHINO, Rhino_DH(), Robot_basic::robotType, Robot_basic::SCHILLING, and Schilling_DH().

Referenced by Robot().

void Robot::kine_pd	(	Matrix &	Rot,
		ColumnVector &	pos,
		ColumnVector &	pos_dot,
		const int	j
	)			const `[virtual]`

Direct kinematics with velocity.

Parameters:

	Rot,:	Frame j rotation matrix w.r.t to the base frame.
	pos,:	Frame j position vector wr.r.t to the base frame.
	pos_dot,:	Frame j velocity vector w.r.t to the base frame.
	j,:	Frame j. Print an error on the console if j is out of range.

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 219 of file kinemat.cpp.

Referenced by Resolved_acc::torque_cmd().

ReturnMatrix Robot::inv_kin	(	const Matrix &	Tobj,
		const int	mj,
		const int	endlink,
		bool &	converge
	)			`[virtual]`

Inverse kinematics solutions.

The solution is based on the analytic inverse kinematics if robot type (familly) is Rhino or Puma, otherwise used the numerical algoritm defined in Robot_basic class.

Reimplemented from Robot_basic.

Definition at line 204 of file invkine.cpp.

References Robot_basic::inv_kin(), inv_kin_puma(), inv_kin_rhino(), inv_kin_schilling(), Robot_basic::PUMA, Robot_basic::RHINO, Robot_basic::robotType, and Robot_basic::SCHILLING.

ReturnMatrix Robot::inv_kin_rhino	(	const Matrix &	Tobj,
		bool &	converge
	)			`[virtual]`

Analytic Rhino inverse kinematics.

converge will be false if the desired end effector pose is outside robot range.

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 229 of file invkine.cpp.

References Robot_basic::a, Link::a, Link::d, G(), Robot_basic::get_q(), K, Robot_basic::links, and M_PI.

Referenced by inv_kin().

ReturnMatrix Robot::inv_kin_puma	(	const Matrix &	Tobj,
		bool &	converge
	)			`[virtual]`

Analytic Puma inverse kinematics.

converge will be false if the desired end effector pose is outside robot range.

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 326 of file invkine.cpp.

References Robot_basic::a, Link::a, C(), Link::d, Robot_basic::get_q(), Robot_basic::links, and M_PI.

Referenced by inv_kin().

ReturnMatrix Robot::inv_kin_schilling	(	const Matrix &	Tobj,
		bool &	converge
	)			`[virtual]`

Analytic Schilling inverse kinematics.

converge will be false if the desired end effector pose is outside robot range.

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 486 of file invkine.cpp.

References Robot_basic::a, Link::a, C(), Link::d, Robot_basic::get_q(), K, Robot_basic::links, and M_PI.

Referenced by inv_kin().

ReturnMatrix Robot::jacobian	(	const int	endlink,
		const int	ref
	)			const `[virtual]`

Jacobian of mobile links up to endlink expressed at frame ref.

The Jacobian expressed in based frame is

$^{0}J(q) = \left[ \begin{array}{cccc} ^{0}J_1(q) & ^{0}J_2(q) & \cdots & ^{0}J_n(q) \\ \end{array} \right]$

where $^{0}J_i(q)$ is defined by

$^{0}J_i(q) = \begin{array}{cc} \left[ \begin{array}{c} z_i \times ^{i}p_n \\ z_i \\ \end{array} \right] & \textrm{rotoid joint} \end{array}$

$^{0}J_i(q) = \begin{array}{cc} \left[ \begin{array}{c} z_i \\ 0 \\ \end{array} \right] & \textrm{prismatic joint} \\ \end{array}$

Expressed in a different frame the Jacobian is obtained by

$^{i}J(q) = \left[ \begin{array}{cc} ^{0}_iR^T & 0 \\ 0 & ^{0}_iR^T \end{array} \right] {^{0}}J(q)$

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 352 of file kinemat.cpp.

ReturnMatrix Robot::jacobian_dot ( const int ref = 0 ) const [virtual]

Jacobian derivative of mobile joints expressed at frame ref.

The Jacobian derivative expressed in based frame is

$^{0}\dot{J}(q,\dot{q}) = \left[ \begin{array}{cccc} ^{0}\dot{J}_1(q,\dot{q}) & ^{0}\dot{J}_2(q,\dot{q}) & \cdots & ^{0}\dot{J}_n(q,\dot{q}) \\ \end{array} \right]$

where $^{0}\dot{J}_i(q,\dot{q})$ is defined by

$^{0}\dot{J}_i(q,\dot{q}) = \begin{array}{cc} \left[ \begin{array}{c} \omega_{i-1} \times z_i \\ \omega_{i-1} \times ^{i-1}p_n + z_i \times ^{i-1}\dot{p}_n \end{array} \right] & \textrm{rotoid joint} \end{array}$

$^{0}\dot{J}_i(q,\dot{q}) = \begin{array}{cc} \left[ \begin{array}{c} 0 \\ 0 \\ \end{array} \right] & \textrm{prismatic joint} \\ \end{array}$

Expressed in a different frame the Jacobian derivative is obtained by

$^{i}J(q) = \left[ \begin{array}{cc} ^{0}_iR^T & 0 \\ 0 & ^{0}_iR^T \end{array} \right] {^{0}}J(q)$

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 449 of file kinemat.cpp.

Referenced by Resolved_acc::torque_cmd().

void Robot::dTdqi	(	Matrix &	dRot,
		ColumnVector &	dp,
		const int	i
	)			`[virtual]`

Partial derivative of the robot position (homogeneous transf.).

This function computes the partial derivatives:

$\frac{\partial{}^0 T_n}{\partial q_i} = {}^0 T_{i-1} Q_i \; {}^{i-1} T_n$

in standard notation and

$\frac{\partial{}^0 T_n}{\partial q_i} = {}^0 T_{i} Q_i \; {}^{i} T_n$

in modified notation,

with

$Q_i = \left [ \begin{array}{cccc} 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array} \right ]$

for a revolute joint and

$Q_i = \left [ \begin{array}{cccc} 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array} \right ]$

for a prismatic joint.

$dRot$ and $dp$ are modified on output.

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 249 of file kinemat.cpp.

References Robot_basic::dof, Robot_basic::dp, Robot_basic::links, Robot_basic::p, Link::p, Robot_basic::R, Link::R, and threebythreeident.

Referenced by dTdqi(), and kinematics_demo().

ReturnMatrix Robot::dTdqi ( const int i ) [virtual]

Partial derivative of the robot position (homogeneous transf.).

See Robot::dTdqi(Matrix & dRot, ColumnVector & dp, const int i) for equations.

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 334 of file kinemat.cpp.

References dTdqi().

ReturnMatrix Robot::torque	(	const ColumnVector &	q,
		const ColumnVector &	qp,
		const ColumnVector &	qpp,
		const ColumnVector &	Fext,
		const ColumnVector &	Next
	)			`[virtual]`

Joint torque based on Recursive Newton-Euler formulation.

In order to apply the RNE as presented in Murray 86, let us define the following variables (referenced in the $i^{th}$ coordinate frame if applicable):

$\sigma_i$ is the joint type; $\sigma_i = 1$ for a revolute joint and $\sigma_i = 0$ for a prismatic joint.

$z_0 = \left [ \begin{array}{ccc} 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array} \right ]^T$

$p_i = \left [ \begin{array}{ccc} a_i & d_i \sin \alpha_i & d_i \cos \alpha_i \end{array} \right ]^T$ is the position of the $i^{th}$ with respect to the $i-1^{th}$ frame.

Forward Iterations for $i=1, 2, \ldots, n$ . Initialize: $\omega_0 = \dot{\omega}_0 = 0$ and $\dot{v}_0 = - g$ .

$\omega_i = R_i^T [\omega_{i-1} + \sigma_i z_0 \dot{\theta}_i ]$

$\dot{\omega}_i = R_i^T \{ \dot{\omega}_{i-1} + \sigma_i [z_0 \ddot{\theta}_i + \omega_{i-1} \times (z_0 \dot{\theta}_i )] \}$

$\dot{v}_i = R_i^T \{ \dot{v}_{i-1} + (1 -\sigma_i) [z_0 \ddot{d}_i + 2 \omega_{i-1} \times (z_0 \dot{d}_i )] \} + \dot{\omega}_i \times p_i + \omega_i \times ( \omega_i \times p_i)$

Backward Iterations for $i=n, n-1, \ldots, 1$ . Initialize: $f_{n+1} = n_{n+1} = 0$.

$\dot{v}_{ci} = v_i + \omega_i \times r_i + \omega_i \times (\omega_i \times r_i)$

$F_i = m_i \dot{v}_{ci}$

$N_i = I_{ci} \dot{\omega}_i + \omega_i \times (I_{ci} \omega_i)$

$f_i = R_{i+1} [ f_{i+1} ] + F_{i}$

$n_i = R_{i+1} [ n_{i+1} ] + p_{i} \times f_{i} + N_{i} + r_{i} \times F_{i}$

$\tau_i = \sigma_i n_i^T (R_i^T z_0) + (1 - \sigma_i) f_i^T (R_i^T z_0)$

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 148 of file dynamics.cpp.

References Robot_basic::a, Link::B, Link::Cf, Robot_basic::dof, Robot_basic::f, Robot_basic::F, Link::Gr, Robot_basic::gravity, Link::I, Link::Im, Robot_basic::links, Robot_basic::n, Robot_basic::N, Robot_basic::p, Link::R, Robot_basic::R, Robot_basic::set_q(), Robot_basic::set_qp(), sign(), Robot_basic::vp, Robot_basic::w, Robot_basic::wp, and Robot_basic::z0.

void Robot::delta_torque	(	const ColumnVector &	q,
		const ColumnVector &	qp,
		const ColumnVector &	qpp,
		const ColumnVector &	dq,
		const ColumnVector &	dqp,
		const ColumnVector &	dqpp,
		ColumnVector &	ltorque,
		ColumnVector &	dtorque
	)			`[virtual]`

Delta torque dynamics.

This function computes

$\delta \tau = D(q) \delta \ddot{q} + S_1(q,\dot{q}) \delta \dot{q} + S_2(q,\dot{q},\ddot{q}) \delta q$

Murray and Neuman Cite_: Murray86 have developed an efficient recursive linearized Newton-Euler formulation. In order to apply the RNE as presented in let us define the following variables

$p_{di} = \frac{\partial p_i}{\partial d_i} = \left [ \begin{array}{ccc} 0 & \sin \alpha_i & \cos \alpha_i \end{array} \right ]^T$

$Q = \left [ \begin{array}{ccc} 0 & -1 & 0 \\ 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \end{array} \right ]$

Forward Iterations for $i=1, 2, \ldots, n$ . Initialize: $\delta \omega_0 = \delta \dot{\omega}_0 = \delta \dot{v}_0 = 0$ .

$\delta \omega_i = R_i^T \{\delta \omega_{i-1} + \sigma_i [ z_0 \delta \dot{\theta}_i - Q(\omega_{i-1} + \dot{\theta}_i ) \delta \theta_i ] \}$

$\delta \dot{\omega}_i = R_i^T \{ \delta \dot{\omega}_{i-1} + \sigma_i [z_0 \delta \ddot{\theta}_i + \delta \omega_{i-1} \times (z_0 \dot{\theta}_i ) + \omega_{i-1} \times (z_0 \delta \dot{\theta}_i )] - \sigma_i Q [ \omega_{i-1} + z_0 \ddot{\theta}_i + \omega_{i-1} \times (z_0 \dot{\theta}_i )] \delta \theta_i \}$

$\delta \dot{v}_i = R_i^T \{ \delta \dot{v}_{i-1} - \sigma_i Q \dot{v}_{i-1} \delta \theta_i + (1 -\sigma_i) [z_0 \delta \ddot{d}_i + 2 \delta \omega_{i-1} \times (z_0 \dot{d}_i ) + 2 \omega_{i-1} \times (z_0 \delta \dot{d}_i )] \} + \delta \dot{\omega}_i \times p_i + \delta \omega_i \times ( \omega_i \times p_i) + \omega_i \times ( \delta \omega_i \times p_i) + (1 - \sigma_i) (\dot{\omega}_i \times p_{di} + \omega_i \times ( \omega_i \times p_{di}) ) \delta d_i$

Backward Iterations for $i=n, n-1, \ldots, 1$ . Initialize: $\delta f_{n+1} = \delta n_{n+1} = 0$ .

$\delta \dot{v}_{ci} = \delta v_i + \delta \omega_i \times r_i + \delta \omega_i \times (\omega_i \times r_i) + \omega_i \times (\delta \omega_i \times r_i)$

$\delta F_i = m_i \delta \dot{v}_{ci}$

$\delta N_i = I_{ci} \delta \dot{\omega}_i + \delta \omega_i \times (I_{ci} \omega_i) + \omega_i \times (I_{ci} \delta \omega_i)$

$\delta f_i = R_{i+1} [ \delta f_{i+1} ] + \delta F_{i} + \sigma_{i+1} Q R_{i+1} [ f_{i+1} ] \delta \theta_{i+1}$

$\delta n_i = R_{i+1} [ \delta n_{i+1} ] + \delta N_{i} + p_{i} \times \delta f_{i} + r_{i} \times \delta F_{i} + (1 - \sigma_i) (p_{di} \times f_{i}) \delta d_i + \sigma_{i+1} Q R_{i+1} [ n_{i+1} ] \delta \theta_{i+1}$

$\delta \tau_i = \sigma_i [ \delta n_i^T (R_i^T z_0) - n_i^T (R_i^T Q z_0) \delta \theta_i] + (1 -\sigma_i) [ \delta f_i^T (R_i^T z_0) ]$

Implements Robot_basic.

Definition at line 65 of file delta_t.cpp.

References Robot_basic::a, Robot_basic::da, Robot_basic::df, Robot_basic::dF, Robot_basic::dn, Robot_basic::dN, Robot_basic::dof, Robot_basic::dp, Robot_basic::dvp, Robot_basic::dw, Robot_basic::dwp, Robot_basic::f, Robot_basic::F, Robot_basic::gravity, Link::I, Robot_basic::links, Link::m, Robot_basic::n, Robot_basic::N, Robot_basic::p, Link::R, Robot_basic::R, Robot_basic::set_q(), Robot_basic::vp, Robot_basic::w, Robot_basic::wp, and Robot_basic::z0.

void Robot::dq_torque	(	const ColumnVector &	q,
		const ColumnVector &	qp,
		const ColumnVector &	qpp,
		const ColumnVector &	dq,
		ColumnVector &	ltorque,
		ColumnVector &	dtorque
	)			`[virtual]`

void Robot::dqp_torque	(	const ColumnVector &	q,
		const ColumnVector &	qp,
		const ColumnVector &	dqp,
		ColumnVector &	ltorque,
		ColumnVector &	dtorque
	)			`[virtual]`

Robot Class Reference

Detailed Description

Public Member Functions

Member Function Documentation